The Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) is a form that U.S. citizens and eligible non-citizens must complete to apply for federal student aid, including grants, loans, and work-study programs. The form collects financial information from the student and their parents (if the student is a dependent) to determine the student’s Expected Family Contribution (EFC), which is then used to calculate the amount of financial aid the student is eligible to receive. For example, a student with a low EFC might qualify for a Pell Grant, which does not need to be repaid.
Federal student aid programs play a critical role in making higher education accessible to a wider range of students, particularly those from low- and middle-income families. These programs have a long history, evolving from the National Defense Education Act of 1958 to the Higher Education Act of 1965 and subsequent amendments. These initiatives have provided crucial support to millions of students pursuing post-secondary education, ultimately contributing to a more educated and skilled workforce. The benefits extend beyond individual students, positively impacting the nation’s economy and competitiveness.
